Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine

Mi Jin Gu

17 Articles

Childhood Asymmetry Labium Majus Enlargement.: Mi Jin Gu, Sang Yoon Kim; Korean J Pathol. 2011;45(5):529-531.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2011.45.5.529

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Childhood asymmetry labium majus enlargement (CALME) is a disctinctive clinicopathologic entity of pre- and early puberty first described in 2005. It is defined as an expansion of normal soft tissues of the vulva. Although CALME is not a rare lesion, it has been called lipoma, fibroma, hamartoma, and fibrous hyperplasia. CALME is not a true neoplasm and is a physiologic growth in response to hormone. It may tend to resolve spontaneously and recur after surgical resection. We report four cases of CALME with a review of the literature. To the best of the knowledge, this is the first Korean report.

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Keep CALME (childhood asymmetry labium majus enlargement) and follow up
Andrea Sechi, Annalisa Patrizi, Giulio Vara, Rita Golfieri, Iria Neri
JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft.2021; 19(9): 1276. CrossRef
Bei CALME (childhood asymmetry labium majus enlargement): die Ruhe bewahren und nachverfolgen
Andrea Sechi, Annalisa Patrizi, Giulio Vara, Rita Golfieri, Iria Neri
JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft.2021; 19(9): 1276. CrossRef
Childhood Asymmetry Labium Majus Enlargement (CALME): Description of Two Cases
Cristina Salvatori, Ilaria Testa, Marco Prestipino, Maria Laurenti, Sara Riccioni, Giuseppe Di Cara, Nicola Principi, Susanna Esposito, Mirko Bertozzi
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2018; 15(7): 1525. CrossRef
Childhood asymmetrical labium majus enlargement sonographic and MR imaging appearances
Ami Gokli, Jeremy Neuman, Ruby Lukse, June Koshy, Fanyi Kong, Tal Laor
Pediatric Radiology.2016; 46(5): 674. CrossRef

HER2 Status in Gastric Adenocarcinomas Assessed by Immunohistochemistry, Automated Silver-Enhanced In Situ Hybridization and Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization.: Aeri Kim, Jung Min Bae, Se Won Kim, Mi Jin Gu, Young Kyung Bae; Korean J Pathol. 2010;44(5):493-501.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2010.44.5.493

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Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
Recently, many studies have focused on human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status in gastric cancer due to HER2-targeted therapy using trastuzumab. We investigated HER2 overexpression and amplification and their concordance rate in Korean gastric adenocarcinomas.
METHODS
Tissue microarrays were constructed with 232 gastric adenocarcinoma samples. We performed immunohistochemistry (IHC), silver-enhanced in situ hybridization (SISH) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for HER2.
RESULTS
IHC was negative in 94.8% (218/232), equivocal in 1.7% (4/232) and positive in 3.5% (8/232) of cases. HER2 protein expression was heterogeneous in 75% (9/12) of IHC 2+/3+ cancers. Gene amplification was observed in 6.5% (15/230) by SISH and the same 15 cases were also FISH-positive. We observed HER2 amplification in 1.4%, 27.3%, 25%, and 100% of IHC 0, 1+, 2+, and 3+ gastric adenocarcinomas, respectively. The concordance rate between IHC and SISH results was 95.7%.
CONCLUSIONS
HER2 overexpression and amplification were less frequent in gastric adenocarcinomas than breast carcinomas. Compared to breast carcinoma, (1) there may be IHC-negative but gene amplification-positive cases for HER2 and (2) frequent intratumoral heterogeneity of IHC for HER2 in gastric adenocarcinomas.

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Epidemiologic Study of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Expression in Advanced/Metastatic Gastric Cancer: an Assessment of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Status in Tumor Tissue Samples of Gastric and Gastro-Esophageal Junction Cancer
Kyung Won Seo, Taeyong Jeon, Sewon Kim, Sung Soo Kim, Kwanghee Kim, Byoung-Jo Suh, Sunhwi Hwang, SeongHee Choi, Seungwan Ryu, Jae Seok Min, Young-Joon Lee, Ye Seob Jee, Hyeondong Chae, Doo Hyun Yang, Sang Ho Lee
Journal of Gastric Cancer.2017; 17(1): 52. CrossRef
Synopsis on Clinical Practice Guideline of Gastric Cancer in Korea: An Evidence-Based Approach
Jun Haeng Lee, Jae G. Kim, Hye-Kyung Jung, Jung Hoon Kim, Woo Kyoung Jeong, Tae Joo Jeon, Joon Mee Kim, Young Il Kim, Keun Won Ryu, Seong-Ho Kong, Hyoung Il Kim, Hwoon-Yong Jung, Yong Sik Kim, Dae Young Zang, Jae Yong Cho, Joon Oh Park, Do Hoon Lim, Eun S
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2014; 63(2): 66. CrossRef
Clinical Practice Guidelines for Gastric Cancer in Korea: An Evidence-Based Approach
Jun Haeng Lee, Jae G. Kim, Hye-Kyung Jung, Jung Hoon Kim, Woo Kyoung Jeong, Tae Joo Jeon, Joon Mee Kim, Young Il Kim, Keun Won Ryu, Seong-Ho Kong, Hyoung-Il Kim, Hwoon-Yong Jung, Yong Sik Kim, Dae Young Zang, Jae Yong Cho, Joon Oh Park, Do Hoon Lim, Eun S
Journal of Gastric Cancer.2014; 14(2): 87. CrossRef

Automated Silver-enhanced In Situ Hybridization for Evaluation of HER2 Gene Status in Breast Carcinoma: Comparison with Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization and Immunohistochemistry.: Woo Jung Sung, Seok Ju Park, Mi Jin Gu, Young Kyung Bae; Korean J Pathol. 2010;44(1):28-34.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2010.44.1.28

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Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is amplified in 20-25% of breast cancers. HER2 overexpression or amplification is associated with a worse clinical outcome and it can predict the benefit from anthracycline and anti-HER2 therapies. The HER2 status has usually been assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in clinical samples. A new silver-enhanced in situ hybridization (SISH) technique was recently introduced. Therefore we evaluated the usefulness of SISH for detecting HER2 amplification.
METHODS
Tissue microarrays (TMAs) were constructed with 144 invasive breast cancer tissue samples. We performed IHC, FISH and SISH for HER2 on the tissue sections from the TMAs and we interpreted the results according to the American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists (ASCO/CAP) guidelines. The concordant rates between the two different tests were calculated.
RESULTS
HER2 was overexpressed and amplified in 16.9%, 16.9%, and 18% of the cases by IHC, FISH and SISH, respectively. The concordant rates between IHC and FISH, IHC and SISH, and FISH and SISH were 95.1%, 95.7%, and 97.8%, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
SISH can be an alternative test for evaluating HER2 amplification because the 97.8% concordance with FISH satisfies the ASCO/CAP requirement of > 95% concordance with an alternative validated method.

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HER2 assessment by silverin situhybridization: where are we now?
Francesca Sanguedolce, Pantaleo Bufo
Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics.2015; 15(3): 385. CrossRef
Diagnostic Effectiveness of PCR-based Tests DetectingBRAFMutation for Treating Malignant Melanoma: A Systematic Review
Hae-Won Shin, Ryeo-Jin Ko, Min Lee, Hee-Young Bang, Kye-Chul Kwon, Jong-Woo Park, Sun-Hoe Koo
Laboratory Medicine Online.2014; 4(4): 203. CrossRef
Effectiveness of Silver-enhanced In Situ Hybridization for Evaluating HER2 Gene Status in Invasive Breast Carcinoma: A Comparative Study
Youngseok Lee, Youngjoon Ryu, Hoiseon Jeong, Hyeyoon Chang, Younghye Kim, Aeree Kim
Archives of Medical Research.2012; 43(2): 139. CrossRef
HER2 Status by Standardized Immunohistochemistry and Silver-EnhancedIn SituHybridization in Korean Breast Cancer
Young Kyung Bae, Gyungyub Gong, Jun Kang, Ahwon Lee, Eun Yoon Cho, Ji Shin Lee, Kwang-Sun Suh, Dong Wha Lee, Woo Hee Jung
Journal of Breast Cancer.2012; 15(4): 381. CrossRef
Multiplication of Chromosome 17 Centromere Is Associated with Prognosis in Patients with Invasive Breast Cancers Exhibiting NormalHER2andTOP2AStatus
Aeri Kim, Hyung Chan Shin, Young Kyung Bae, Min Kyoung Kim, Su Hwan Kang, Soo Jung Lee, Eun Hee Lee
Journal of Breast Cancer.2012; 15(1): 24. CrossRef
HER2-Positive Breast Carcinomas with Co-amplification or Gain of Chromosome 17 Centromere Locus: Report of Three Cases and an Impact on HER2 Testing
Hyeong Chan Shin, Young Kyung Bae, Aeri Kim, Seok Ju Park
The Korean Journal of Pathology.2011; 45(6): 665. CrossRef
The Effectiveness of SilverIn SituHybridization in Patients with Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review
Sunyoung Jang, Seon-Heui Lee, Soojin Kim, You-Kyoung Lee, Young-Hyuck Im, Wonshik Han, Hee-Sook Park
Journal of Breast Cancer.2011; 14(Suppl 1): S1. CrossRef
Clinical and health economic outcomes of alternative HER2 test strategies for guiding adjuvant trastuzumab therapy
James A Lee, Megan Shaheen, Thomas Walke, Matt Daly
Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research.2011; 11(3): 325. CrossRef
HER2 expression in breast cancer: Comparisons of fluorescence in situ hybridization and silver in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemical staining using monoclonal antibody and polyclonal antibody
Jung Sik Jang, Eun Jeong Jang, Ji‐Young Park
Basic and Applied Pathology.2010; 3(4): 115. CrossRef
HER2Status in Gastric Adenocarcinomas Assessed by Immunohistochemistry, Automated Silver-EnhancedIn SituHybridization and FluorescenceIn SituHybridization
Aeri Kim, Jung Min Bae, Se Won Kim, Mi Jin Gu, Young Kyung Bae
The Korean Journal of Pathology.2010; 44(5): 493. CrossRef

Spindle Cell/Pleomorphic Lipoma of the Oropharynx.: Mi Jin Gu, Kyung Rak Sohn, Jun Ho Park; Korean J Pathol. 2009;43(6):580-582.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2009.43.6.580

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Abstract PDF

We report a rare case of spindle cell/pleomorphic lipoma of the oropharynx. A 45-year-old woman presented with a 9-month history of a lump in 2001. A well demarcated polypoid, rubbery mass was found in the left vallecula and was surgically removed. The mass was diagnosed as a spindle cell lipoma. She revisited with the same complaint in 2008. Examination revealed another polypoid mass at the left aryepiglottic fold, near the previous excision site. The excised mass histologically consisted of mature fat cells, numerous bizarre giant cells, and bland spindle cells, features of a typical pleomorphic lipoma. This is the first case of recurrent oropharyngeal spindle cell/pleomorphic lipoma, showing histologic changes during the recurrence. Complete removal and follow-up are necessary for the treatment of this uncommon neoplasm.

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A Case of Spindle Cell Lipoma on Nasal Dorsum of Nose
Ki Jin Kwon, Tae Hoon Kim, Sun Kyu Lee, Kun Hee Lee
Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.2021; 64(1): 26. CrossRef
Un lipome rétropharyngé de présentation clinique inhabituelle
Anne Guyot, Jean-Marc Prechoux, Sylvain Cherrière, Jean-Pierre Bessede, Isabelle Pommepuy, Bema Coulibaly
Annales de Pathologie.2015; 35(4): 372. CrossRef
Retropharyngeal Spindle Cell/Pleomorphic Lipoma
Hyun Kyung Lee, Seung Bae Hwang, Gyung Ho Chung, Ki Hwan Hong, Kyu Yun Jang
Korean Journal of Radiology.2013; 14(3): 493. CrossRef

Giant Cystic Adenomatoid Tumor of the Uterus: A Case Report.: Mi Jin Kim, Mi Jin Gu; Korean J Pathol. 2004;38(6):415-418.

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Abstract PDF: Adenomatoid tumor of the uterus is a rare benign tumor of the uterine serosa and myometrium. It usually appears as a small nodular lesion having a distinctive histologic appearance. We describe a case of 67-year old female with a large, grossly cystic adenomatoid tumor 7x7 cm in dimension that was located at the right uterine cornus. Microscopically the tumor had unusually extensive solid proliferation of signet ring cells with large vacuoles in their cytoplasm. Also, adenoid and honeycomb-like cystic patterns were observed. The immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies demonstrated the mesothelial origin.

Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.: Mi Jin Gu, Young Kyung Bae, Joon Hyuk Choi; Korean J Pathol. 2004;38(2):73-78.

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) is known to be one of the key molecules for tumor invasion and metastasis. MMP-2 activity is modulated through interaction with the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
METHODS
Using immunohistochemical staining, we investigated the expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in 30 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas and 10 normal pancreas.
RESULTS
MMP-2 expression was present in tumor cells in 11 cases, and in stromal cells in 24 cases, out of 30 carcinomas. MMP-2 expression of tumor cells was significantly higher in poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas than in well/moderately differentiated adenocarcinomas, and in cases with vascular invasion than in cases without. MMP-2 expression was stronger in the marginal areas than in the central area of the tumor. TIMP-2 expression was detected in the tumor and stromal cells of all carcinomas. MMP-2 and TIMP-2 expression had no significant correlation with tumor size, lymph node metastasis, or TNM stage. MMP-2 expression was not correlated with TIMP-2 expression.
CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that MMP-2 expression may play an important role in the invasive property of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, whereas TIMP-2 expression increases as a reaction to invasion.

Biliary Papillomatosis: A Report of Two Cases.: Mi Jin Gu, Joon Hyuk Choi; Korean J Pathol. 2003;37(6):446-450.

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Abstract PDF: We report two cases of biliary papillomatosis, a rare disease which is characterized by multiple, papillary adenomas of the intrahepatic and/or extrahepatic bile ducts.
Case
s 1 and 2 were a 45-year-old woman and a 61-year-old woman, respectively, with upper abdominal pain. Abdominal computed tomography scan of case 1 revealed a 4-cm sized cystic and solid mass within the dilatated intrahepatic bile duct. Hepatobiliary ultrasonography of case 2 showed dilatation of the main intrahepatic and common bile duct with nonshadowing echogenic material. Soft, friable papillary masses were noted grossly in the dilated intrahepatic bile duct. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of papillary structures, most of which were lined by a layer of tall columnar cells. Complex papillary fronds with pseudostratification, cellular atypia, structural atypia and foci of invasion were noted in case 2. The p53 expression increased in the dysplastic and carcinomatous area and was correlated with the Ki-67 labeling index.

Expression of p53, Rb, bcl-2 Proteins and Ki-67 Labeling Index in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma .: Mi Jin Gu, Joon Hyuk Choi, Hong Jin Kim, Sung Soo Yun; Korean J Pathol. 2003;37(3):186-192.

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
The development and progression of a tumor can be determined by a complex multistep process involving the activation of oncogenes and the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. The purpose of this study is to investigate the expression of p53, Rb, bcl-2 protein and Ki-67 labeling index in the intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. METHODS: We analyzed 36 cases of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma obtained by surgical resection. Expression of p53, Rb, bcl-2 proteins and Ki-67 labeling index were evaluated by immunohistochemical study.
RESULTS
Expression of p53 protein was detected in 61.1% (22/36) of cholangiocarcinoma. Rb protein loss and overexpression were observed 27.8% (7/36) and 72.2% (29/36) of cholangiocarcinoma. But bcl-2 protein was not expressed. No significant correlation was found between p53, Rb and bcl-2 protein expression and age, sex, gross type, histologic grade, vascular invasion and lymph node metastases. The Ki-67 labeling index was significantly higher in p53 positive group and Rb overexpression group than in p53 negative group (p<0.01) and Rb loss group (p<0.05). There was a positive correlation between p53 protein and Rb protein expressions, but a negative correlation between Rb protein and bcl-2 protein expressions.
CONCLUSIONS
The overexpression of p53 protein and Rb protein may be closely associated with cholangiocarcinogenesis, while bcl-2 has a less crucial role in cholangiocarcinogenesis.

Imprint Cytologic Features of Poorly Differentiated Synovial Sarcoma: A Case Report.: Mi Jin Gu, Joon Hyuk Choi, Young Kyung Bae; Korean J Cytopathol. 2003;14(1):27-31.

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Abstract PDF: Poorly differentiated synovial sarcoma is a variant of synovial sarcoma. We report a case of poorly differentiated synovial sarcoma imprinted after resection. The patient was a 47-year-old woman with a right shoulder pain for 6 months. The cytologic features showed malignant round to oval, monotonous tumor cells with high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio. Some tumor cells showed perivascular distribution and nuclear molding. Vague rosette-like structures were seen. On immunohistchemical stains, tumor cells were diffusely positive for CD99 and focally positive for epithelial membrane antigen. Ultrastructural examination showed desmosomes and microvilli.

Nasal Inverted Papilloma Associated With Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Report of Two Cases.: Mi Jin Gu, Dong Sug Kim, Young Kyung Bae, Yong Dae Kim; Korean J Pathol. 2001;35(3):248-281.

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Abstract PDF: Nasal inverted papilloma (IP) is a benign neoplasm that may be associated with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Several studies have suggested that human papilloma virus 16/18 (HPV 16/18) and p53 are closely related to the pathogenesis of IP with transformation to squamous cell carcinoma (IP-SCC). This study was conducted to investigate the role of HPV 16/18 and p53 in the pathogenesis of IP-SCC using immunohistochemistry. We studied two cases of IP-SCC and 10 cases of IP. None of the IP cases presented positivity for HPV 16/18 or p53 protein. Two cases of IP-SCC showed negative reactions for HPV 16/18. The SCC portion of the IP-SCC showed strong positivity for p53, while the IP portion of the IP-SCC was negative for p53. MIB-1 labeling index (LI) was estimated in the IP cases and the IP-SCC as well. In terms of MIB-1 LI, there was no statistical significance between IP and IP-SCC, and between the IP portion and the SCC portion in the cases of IP-SCC. In conclusion, we believe that alteration of the p53 protein is related to IP with malignant transformation, but further studies are required to investigate the correlation of HPV 16/18 and p53 in the pathogenesis of IP with malignant transformation, and the significance of the MIB-1 LI and p53 as biomarkers in IP.

Choroid Plexus Carcinoma: A Report of Two Cases.: Young Ran Shim, Mi Jin Gu, Dong Sug Kim, Oh Lyong Kim, Woo Mok Byun, Yong Jin Kim; Korean J Pathol. 2001;35(2):176-179.

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Abstract PDF: Choroid plexus carcinoma (CPC), a frankly malignant epithelial neoplasm derived from choroid plexus epithelium, is a rare tumor with a predilection for infants and children. It may be difficult to histologically differentiate it from choroid plexus papilloma, anaplastic ependymoma, medulloblastoma, germ cell tumors, and metastatic carcinoma. We examined two cases of CPC. One is a 12-month-old boy, and the other is a 13-month-old boy. Both patients present lateral ventricular masses with extensive hydrocephalus. Histologically, both tumors show papillary growth in most area, and focal solid growth. The tumor cells show marked nuclear pleomorphism and frequent mitoses on squash and hematoxylin-eosin slides. Immunohistochemically, both tumors are positive for cytokeratin, vimentin, and S-100 protein; but they are negative for glial fibrillary acidic protein, -fetoprotein, and placental alkaline phosphatase. Both tumors show diffuse and strong positivity for p53. The MIB-1 labelling index is 23.6% and 15.82%, respectively. We report two cases of typical CPC, and we briefly discuss differential diagnosis with review of literatures.

A Clinicopathologic Study of 53 Gastrointestinal Mesenchymal Tumors.: Young Kyung Bae, Dong Sug Kim, Mi Jin Gu, Joon Hyuk Choi, Mi Jin Kim, Young Jin Kim, Won Hee Choi, Sun Kyo Song, Koing Bo Kwun; Korean J Pathol. 2000;34(11):909-918.

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Abstract PDF: The gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors (GIMTs) form a heterogenous group with controversy centering on both the cell of origin and the prediction of clinical behavior. They include a small group of tumors with mature smooth muscle or Schwann cell differentiation and a larger group with inconsistent or no evidence of differentiation. Tumors in the latter are now referred to as gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study was performed on 53 cases of GIMTs to identify cellular differentiation and predictors of clinical behavior. Fifty three cases of GIMTs could be histologically and immunophenotypically divided into three categories, 6 leiomyomas (11.3%), 4 schwannomas (7.6%), and 43 GISTs (81.1%). All leiomyomas (SMA desmin ) and schwannomas (S-100 ) were located in stomach and negative for CD34 and CD117. Thirty nine cases of GISTs were either CD34 (n=26) or CD117 (n=23) immunoreactive. Of these 39 GISTs, 26 were negative for myoid (SMA, desmin) and neural marker (S-100), 10 SMA desmin-S-100-, two SMA-desmin-S-100 , and one SMA desmin-S-100 . Two out of 4 GISTs, which were negative for CD34 and CD117, were immunohistochemically considered leiomyosarcoma (SMA desmin ). GISTs of small intestine had a tendency to be malignant than those of stomach. Pathologic grade of GISTs was not correlated with cellular differentiation. In 29 GISTs with clinical follow-up information, tumor size, mitotic counts, Ki-67 labelling index, tumor necrosis, mucosal invasion, and CD34 expression were significantly correlated with metastasis/recurrence.

Imprint Cytologic Feature of Extraskeletal Osteosarcoma: A Case Report.: Mi Jin Gu, Young Kyung Bae, Mi Jin Kim, Joon Hyuk Choi, Won Hee Choi; Korean J Cytopathol. 2000;11(1):59-63.

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Abstract PDF: Extraskeletal osteosarcoma is an uncommon tumor originated from soft tissue without evidence of skeletal involvement. It usually affects adults and its common locations are extremity, buttock, and retroperitoneum. Although the histologic feature of this tumor is well known, there have been few reports on the fine needle aspiration cytologic findings. We report the imprint cytologic feature of extraskeletal osteosarcoma. The patient was a 49-year-old man with a mass of the left anterior chest for 2 years. On the imprint preparation, the smears showed malignant round, polygonal or spindle cells with coarsely clumped chromatin and occasionally prominent nucleoli. The malignant cells occur singly, in clusters, or associated with amorphous eosinophilic osteoid. Mitotic figures are also seen.

Intraosseous Lipoma A report of four cases.: Hye Jeong Choi, Mi Jin Gu, Joon Hyuk Choi, Duk Seop Shin, Kil Ho Cho; Korean J Pathol. 1999;33(6):467-470.

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Abstract PDF: Intraosseous lipoma is a very rare primary tumor of the bone. We report four cases of intraosseous lipoma. The patient ranged in age from 34 to 59-year-old (median age: 35 year-old). There were three men and one woman. All of four cases presented with pain. The involved bones were calcaneus in two cases, tibia in one case and ilium in one case, respectively. In all cases plain x-ray film revealed well-defined lytic lesion. Their size ranged 2 to 4.5 cm (mean size: 3.5 cm). Histologic examination showed mature adipose tissue. Three cases showed secondary changes such as atrophic bone, fat necrosis, fibrosis, dystrophic calcification, and reactive ischemic bone formation. The clinicopathologic and roentgenographic correlation are necessary in establishing correct diagnosis of this tumor.

Carcinoma Showing Thymus-Like Differentiation (CASTLE) of the Thyroid Gland: A case report.: Mi Jin Gu, Young Ran Shim, Joon Hyuk Choi, Won Hee Choi; Korean J Pathol. 1999;33(6):460-462.

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Abstract PDF: Carcinoma Showing Thymus-Like Differentiation (CASTLE) is a rare tumor, which occurs in the thyroid gland and surrounding soft tissue, or soft tissue of the neck. It is thought to originate from ectopic thymus or branchial pouch remnants. We report a case of CASTLE of the thyroid gland in a 42-year-old woman. Grossly, a nodular, partly well demarcated, grayish yellow, 3.0 2.0 cm sized, solid mass was found in the right thyroid gland. Microscopically, the tumor was divided into lobules of variable size and shape, nests and cords with thin and thick fibrous septa which were infiltrated by lymphocytes and plasma cells. The tumor cells were large, polygonal and had vesicular nuclei with prominent nucleoli and eosinophilic cytoplasm. Some cells, especially in the central portion of the nests had abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and showed squamoid feature.

The Significance of Nuclear Size in Nuclear Grade of Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast.: Young Kyung Bae, Dong Sug Kim, Hye Jung Choi, Mi Jin Gu, Soo Jung Lee, Jea Young Lee; Korean J Cytopathol. 1999;10(1):21-26.

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Abstract PDF: To make the objective standard of nuclear size in grading nuclear pleomorphism of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast, we measured maximal nuclear diameter of tumor cells on imprint cytology slides and histologic sections from 65 cases by using computer-based image analysis system(Optimas 6.0). The maximal diameter of red blood cells were also measured to evaluate the ratio of maximal nuclear diameter of tumor cells to maximal diameter of red blood cells. The mean values of maximal nuclear diameter of tumor cells on imprint cytology slides and histologic sections were 7.56 micrometer, 7.53 micrometer in nuclear grade 1, 8.92+/-0.98 micrometer, 9.02+/-0.74 micrometer in nuclear grade 2, and 12.90+/-1.47 micrometer, 12.44+/-1.41 micrometer in nuclear grade 3, respectively. There were no significant differences between values of imprint cytology and histologic section. The ratio of maximal nuclear diameter of tumor cells to maximal diameter of red blood cells were 1.3-1.4:1 in nuclear grade 1, 1.6-1.7:1 in nuclear grade 2, and 2.2-2.3:1 in nuclear grade 3. These values would be guidelines for grading nuclear pleomorphism of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast on routine surgical pathology work.

Adenocarcinoma Arising in Sacrococcygeal Teratoma: A case report.: Hae Jeong Choi, Mi Jin Gu, Yeong Kyung Bae, Joon Hyuk Choi, Jae Hwan Kim; Korean J Pathol. 1998;32(4):315-317.

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Abstract PDF: We experienced a case of adenocarcinoma arising in sacrococcygeal teratoma. The patient was a 52-year-old woman. She was admitted due to one month of sacral pain. She had a sacral mass since birth. On physical examination, anal fistula was present at the perianal area and pus drainage was noted. MR image showed multiple variable-sized cysts with inhomogeneous density. Resected specimen, mesuring 12.5 7.0 cm in diameter, showed multiple variable-sized cystic lesions admixed with grayish solid portion. The cysts contained mucoid material. The microscopic examination showed mature teratoma composed of cysts lined by pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium, intestinal mucosa, mature cartilage, bone, and fat tissue. A moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma developed from the cystic area in the mass.

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